The Foundations and Mechanisms of Private Justice Mechanisms From the Perspective of International Law and Iranian Law

Document Type : Academicm and Research

Authors

1 Professor, Department of International Law, Faculty of Law, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.

2 PhD student in International Law, Faculty of Law, University of Qom. Qom, Iran .

Abstract

Judicial justice is the basic pillar of human social life and is considered as one of the basic human rights. Today, generally, the duty of ensuring justice and realizing judicial and legal security and hygiene is entrusted to the governments and especially the general judicial system of countries, however, the increase in social and economic interactions, especially commercial exchanges, also the improvement of the level of human legal literacy alongwith the rapid and dramatic changes in various fields of human life, cause a sharp increase in the volume of lawsuits and, in proportion, lengthening the process of proceedings and reducing the accuracy and quality of proceedings and finally security and judicial justice have been reduced. Therefore, in recent decades, the new discourse of private justice has entered the arena of judicial justice as a way out and a life-saving solution for optimally provide judicial justice and legal hygiene (fair trial) as a helping and facilitating factor. This research is a study that analyzed and described the existing legal foundations, mechanisms and structures of private justice (arbitration) by examining the perspective of the international human rights system and the legal system of Iran and Islam with a look at existing legal and international documents. The result of this research is that due to the diversity of mechanisms and structures at the level of the international system and the Iranian legal system, private justice can be used in for make wider and optimal use of existing talents and teachings for facilitate as much as possible the right to access to a fair trial. finally, the expansion of justice should be useful and open for mankind.

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