Exceptions to the Principle of Non-Intervention in International Law: A Case Study of Intervention in Iraq

Document Type : Academicm and Research

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of jurisprudence and law, Shirvan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shirvan, Iran

2 LL.M. in International Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

3 LL.M. in Public Law, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

One of the fundamental principles of international law is the principle of non-intervention in the internal affairs of States, whether militarily or non-militarily. According to this principle, no State is permitted to interfere in the affairs of another. However, there are exceptions to this rule, under which intervention in a State, under specific circumstances and for particular reasons, may be considered lawful and legitimate. This article examines the substance of the non-intervention principle and its exceptions, with particular emphasis on intervention upon the invitation of the government of the target State—either by another State or by international organizations—and the legal implications of such a request. The study concludes that although the principle of non-intervention generally prohibits interference in other States, the existence of recognized exceptions, particularly intervention by invitation, can legitimize such acts under international law. The article further provides a case study of intervention in Iraq, especially following the emergence of ISIS and other insurgent groups, analyzing the strategic policies of various States—including the Islamic Republic of Iran—in this context.

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