نوع مقاله : علمی و پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار حقوق بین الملل عمومی، گروه حقوق، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران.
2 استادیار حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، گروه حقوق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی شیراز، واحد شیراز، شیراز، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The Zemmah Contract is one of the institutions the origin of which goes back to the Jurisprudence Standards upon which human are legally divided into three categories; Muslims, Zemmah non-Muslims and non-Muslim. Meanwhile, the latter has no rights. Although there is no mention of the contract in the 1979 Constitution, but the Islamic Penal Code 2013 has established the contract in the Iranian penal system. This article seeks to answer the question: Does the Contract has any effect on the enjoyment of legal and natural rights of minorities from the perspective of international law in the one hand and Iranian legal system on the other? The other question is whether acceptance of the Zemmah contract can be in conflict with international human rights treaties or not? The main argument is that the Contract received the signature of Sharia law has fundamental differences with the structures of modern times. However, in the contemporary era, substantive and procedural challenges arise when examining the interaction between the Zemmah contract and human rights norms protecting minorities, norms founded on the principle of equality, non-discrimination and the right to existence and preserve cultural identity.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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